garding the Dieckmann shield and
the ability of the combination system to reduce static, as described by
De-Groot, the speaker declared that he could see no basis
therein for differentiating between static and signals,
and that investigation had proved that the problem of screen-ing out any
electromagnetic wave of any sort, either sig-nal or static, cannot be solved
by that method.
For experimental observations
Mr. Weagant con-structed various forms of aerials, including the horizontal
linear-underground and surface-ground aerials. Some of these were
found to appreciably reduce static, but the general characteristics of
the underground type proved, under experimental investigation, to be entirely
different from theories recently advanced. Mr. Weagant's deduc-tions in
respect to this aerial will be stated further on.
SOME IMPORTANT OBSERVATIONS REGARDING
STATIC
In an effort to determine, by means of the Marconi-Bellini-Tosi
direction finder (shown in figure 3), whether or not static was horizontally
directed; that is, if it originated from any particular direction at certain
hours, Mr. C. H. Taylor, a Marconi engineer, carried out a series of experiments
at Belmar, N. J., with apparatus designed for the reception of long waves
over great distances. Experiments were also carried on by Mr. Weagant,
at Bel-
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mar, and simultaneously at another
station erected at the Marconi factory at Aldene, N. J.
These tests seemed to indicate
conclusively that the dominant type of static-"grinders"-apparently came
from no definite direction, but gave an equality o f disturbances from
all points of the compass.
A further check on this observation
was made by ro-tating a closed circuit loop (see figure 4) connected to
a receiving set, about the vertical axis, A. The loop showed equality of
disturbances regardless of the direc-tion of the plane of 'the loop.
These experiments, as Mr. Weagant
said, indicated that if static-.disturbances of the "grinders" type were
propagated horizontally, they must come from different directions, and
so rapidly that the observer would have no opportunity to manipulate his
apparatus with sufficient rapidity enough to determine their direction.
WEAGANT'S GREAT DISCOVERY
It then occurred to Mr. Weagant
that these static dis-turbances might be propagated vertically, instead
of hori-zontally, and if so the direction of propagation would be at right
angles to the direction o f the advancing wireless wave. If that could
be definitely proven, then advantage might be taken of the difference in
direction to separate the static from the signal currents flowing in the
antenna
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