Monmouth Message
February 26, 1982 

PIONEER IN SPACE COMMUNICATIONS
    Back in 1946, when Dr. Walter S. McAfee was a
newcomer to Fort Monmouth and the Civil Service, he took part in a scientific experiment that opened the way to exploration of interstellar space.
    McAfee, who is now scientific advisor to the Army
Electronics Research and Development Command, was a member of a small team of Army scientists that sent a radio signal to the moon, and, seconds later, received a return signal reflected from the lunar surface. 
   He made the theoretical calculations for the experi- ment, dubbed Project Diana; which were held Jan. 10, 1946, at the Evans Signal Laboratory in Wall Township. The unprecedented feat proved the feasibility of communicating across the vast distances of outer space and signaled the dawn of the Space Age. 
    Recalling the experiment years later, McAfee ob- served that using the moon as a convenient reflector suggested another way to transmit line-of-sight radio messages over the horizon to distant terrestrial points, as through today's man-made satellites.  He added that Project Diana radar techniques led to a more accurate measurementof distances in the solar system.
    During his 40 years at Fort Monmouth, McAfee, a theoretical physicist, has worked in the fields of radar, antennas and propagation, nuclear weapons effects, passive sensors, quantum optics and laser holography.

DIRECTING NATO STUDY
    Recently, he has been concerned with electron backscatter and related matters. He also is serving as
director of a NATO long-term scientific study.

Walter McAfee     JohnCarter

    McAfee was awarded his bachelor of science degree in' mathematics, magna cum laude, by Wiley College, Marshall, Texas, in 1934 ; his master's degree in physics by Ohio State University in 1937, and his doctorate in physics in 1949 by Cornell University, where he studied under the noted theoretical physicist, Hans Bethe. He received a Rosenwald Fellowship in nuclear physics in support of his studies at Cornell.
    McAfee received a Secretary of the Army Fellow- ship in 1956 from President Eisenhower in a White House ceremony, and, in 1957, embarked on a year's study of radio astronomy at Harvard University and various laboratories abroad. He received the Army Research and Development Achievement Award in 1961.
    A senior member, of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, McAfee is listed in "American Men and Women of Science," "Who's Who in the East," and "Who's Who Among Black Americans."

EIGHT PATENTS IN THREE YEARS
    During a 1979 ceremony honoring patents issued in a three-year period, John L. Carter was honored for his eight patents. Asked which be considered the most significant, he said, "I would choose the patent for the ferrite diode limiter. It is used in the duplexers of both the mortar and the artillery locating radars." 
    It was his work on nonlinear ferrite devices that
earned him the Meritorious Civilian Service Award in
1968 and helped, him share the, Army Research and Development Achievement Award in 1978 and last year.  His co-authored paper based on the 1978 achievement was presented at the Army's Science Conference that same year and earned a bonze medallion and a certificate for outstanding achievement. 
    Carter's 1981 Achievement was a novel in-house development of a nanosecond pulser. 
    Carter is a member of the Plasma And Pulse Power Team of the Beam, Plasma and Display Division in the Electronic Devices and Technology Laboratory of the Army's Electronics Research and Development Command.
    He has written numerous technical papers, techni- cal reports and memoranda in his 33 years as an experimental physicist at Fort Monmouth. 
    A graduate of West Virginia State College, where he received his bachelor of science degree in physics in 1947, he has done graduate work at New York University, the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, and Monmouth College. 
    In his current assignment, his efforts support the High Energy Laser System Project Office. He is transmitter consultant to the Firefinder and SOTAS project managers, and is a member of a tri-service advisory group on the improvement of transmitter reliability.